HMB
Uses
HMB (beta hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate) is a metabolite of the essential amino acid leucine (one of the branched-chain amino acids).
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3 StarsReliable and relatively consistent scientific data showing a substantial health benefit.
2 StarsContradictory, insufficient, or preliminary studies suggesting a health benefit or minimal health benefit.
1 StarFor an herb, supported by traditional use but minimal or no scientific evidence. For a supplement, little scientific support.
This supplement has been used in connection with the following health conditions:
| Used for | Why |
|---|---|
2 Stars High Cholesterol 3 grams daily | Supplementing with HMB, or beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, has been reported to lower total and LDL-cholesterol levels. Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, or HMB, is a by-product of breakdown of the amino acid leucine and has been studied mainly for its effects on protein metabolism and muscle growth. HMB appears to exert its effects on muscle by modifying cholesterol metabolism. One report on nine clinical studies concluded 3 grams of HMB per day for three to eight weeks resulted in an average drop in total cholesterol levels of 3.7% and a drop in LDL-cholesterol levels of 5.7%. |
2 Stars HIV and AIDS Support and Preservation of Lean Body Mass (Arginine, Glutamine) 1.5 grams of HMB, 7 grams of L-glutamine, and 7 grams of L-arginine twice per day | The combination of glutamine, arginine, and HMB may prevent loss of lean body mass in people with AIDS-associated wasting. The combination of glutamine, arginine, and the amino acid derivative, (HMB), may prevent loss of lean body mass in people with AIDS-associated wasting. In a double-blind trial, AIDS patients who had lost 5% of their body weight in the previous three months received either placebo or a nutrient mixture containing 1.5 grams of HMB, 7 grams of L-glutamine, and 7 grams of L-arginine twice daily for eight weeks. Those supplemented with placebo gained an average of 0.37 pounds, mostly fat, but lost lean body mass. Those taking the nutrient mixture gained an average of 3 pounds, 85% of which was lean body weight. |
1 Star Athletic Performance and Improving Body Composition with Strength Training in Untrained People 3 grams daily | HMB, a breakdown product of an essential branched-chain amino acid, has a role in protein synthesis and might, therefore, improve muscle growth and overall body composition. Research suggests it might be effective only when combined with an exercise program in people who are not already highly trained athletes. HMB (beta hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate) is a metabolite (breakdown product) of leucine, one of the essential branched-chain amino acids. Biochemical and animal research show that HMB has a role in protein synthesis and might, therefore, improve muscle growth and overall body composition when given as a supplement. However, double-blind human research suggests that HMB may only be effective when combined with an exercise program in people who are not already highly trained athletes. Double-blind trials found no effect of 3 to 6 grams per day of HMB on body weight, body fat, or overall body composition in weight-training football players or other trained athletes. However, one double-blind study found that 3 grams per day of HMB increased the amount of body fat lost by 70-year old adults who were participating in a strength-training program for the first time. A double-blind study of young men with no strength-training experience reported greater improvements in muscle mass (but not in percentage body fat) when HMB was used in the amount of 17 mg per pound of body weight per day. However, another group of men in the same study given twice as much HMB did not experience any changes in body composition. |
How to Use It
Most people do not need to use HMB. For those involved in regular exercise who do choose to take this supplement, the research generally uses 3 grams of HMB per day in combination with resistive exercise, such as weight lifting.
Where to Find It
Small amounts of HMB are present in many foods of animal and plant origin, especially alfalfa and catfish. The amino acid leucine is metabolized into a compound called alpha-ketoisocaproate (KIC), which is then turned into HMB by the body. Dietary supplements of HMB are also available.
Possible Deficiencies
HMB is not an essential nutrient. The body creates HMB from leucine, so any diet containing sufficient amounts of leucine (most do) should lead to the adequate production of HMB. Limited evidence indicates that athletes may benefit from supplemental intake of HMB.
Interactions with Supplements, Foods, & Other Compounds
Interactions with Medicines
Side Effects
Last Review: 03-24-2015
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The information presented by TraceGains is for informational purposes only. It is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro), clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may not necessarily occur in all individuals. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with prescription or over the counter medication is also available. Consult your doctor, practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or before making any changes in prescribed medications. Information expires December 2024.
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